2025年4月8日，新余鋼鐵股份有限公司焦?fàn)t煤氣精脫硫項目一次投產(chǎn)成功。裝置非常大處理能力17萬Nm?/h，脫硫后的焦?fàn)t煤氣中H?S含量控制在5mg/Nm?以下。這標(biāo)志著生物脫硫技術(shù)完成了從實(shí)驗室菌株到百萬噸級工業(yè)工程的“工業(yè)馴化”。

On April 8, 2025, the coke oven gas desulfurization project of Xinyu Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. was successfully put into operation for the first time. The maximum processing capacity of the device is 170000 Nm?/h, and the H2S content in the desulfurized coke oven gas is controlled at 5mg/Nm? following. This marks the completion of the industrial domestication of biological desulfurization technology from laboratory strains to million ton industrial engineering.

微生物的“合理打擊”：從菌株篩選到工業(yè)應(yīng)用。

Precise targeting of microorganisms: from strain screening to industrial applications.

生物脫硫技術(shù)的核心，是一群經(jīng)過“特訓(xùn)”的微生物。南京工業(yè)大學(xué)胡永紅團(tuán)隊經(jīng)過數(shù)千次實(shí)驗，成功篩選并馴化出能“吃掉”硫化物的微生物——硫酸鹽還原菌系列、硫氧化菌系列等一批擁有自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的高活性、高耐受性的特種微生物菌株。這些微生物在生物滴濾塔裝置中各司其職：堿液首先將煙氣中的二氧化硫吸收并轉(zhuǎn)化為硫酸根和亞硫酸根，隨后通過硫酸鹽還原菌的作用將其還原成硫離子，非常后硫氧化菌再將硫離子轉(zhuǎn)化為生物硫黃。

The core of biological desulfurization technology is a group of specially trained microorganisms. After thousands of experiments, the team led by Hu Yonghong from Nanjing University of Technology has successfully screened and domesticated a group of highly active and tolerant special microbial strains with independent intellectual property rights, such as sulfate reducing bacteria series and sulfur oxidizing bacteria series, which can "eat" sulfides. These microorganisms play their respective roles in the biological drip filtration tower device: the alkaline solution first absorbs and converts sulfur dioxide in the flue gas into sulfate and sulfite ions, then reduces them to sulfur ions through the action of sulfate reducing bacteria, and finally sulfur oxidizing bacteria convert sulfur ions into biological sulfur.

歷經(jīng)10余年，胡永紅團(tuán)隊的生物脫硫技術(shù)完成了從小試、中試到工業(yè)試驗驗證的全過程，技術(shù)已在中國石油化工股份有限公司西南油氣分公司川西氣田彭州3號脫硫站實(shí)現(xiàn)應(yīng)用。尾氣焚燒爐煙氣經(jīng)生物脫硫后，二氧化硫濃度從6500mg/Nm?降至小于10mg/Nm?，去除率達(dá)到99.8%。脫硫能耗較原有技術(shù)下降10%以上。

After more than 10 years, the biological desulfurization technology of Hu Yonghong's team has completed the entire process from small-scale, pilot scale to industrial trial verification. The technology has been applied at the Pengzhou No.3 desulfurization station in the western Sichuan gas field of Southwest Oil and Gas Company of China Petroleum&Chemical Corporation. After biological desulfurization, the concentration of sulfur dioxide in the flue gas from the tail gas incinerator increases from 6500mg/Nm? Reduced to less than 10mg/Nm? The removal rate reached 99.8%. The energy consumption of desulfurization has decreased by more than 10% compared to the original technology.

工業(yè)馴化的技術(shù)突破：DDS生物脫硫的實(shí)踐驗證。

Technological breakthrough in industrial domestication: practical verification of DDS biological desulfurization.

新鋼集團(tuán)的DDS煤氣精脫硫項目，是生物脫硫技術(shù)“工業(yè)馴化”的又一力證。該項目繼承了國內(nèi)首套焦化DDS生物脫硫裝置的技術(shù)優(yōu)勢，集成了“噴射氣浮”再生反應(yīng)器等多項專利技術(shù)。相較于傳統(tǒng)脫硫技術(shù)，DDS生物脫硫技術(shù)以其化學(xué)與生物技術(shù)的巧妙結(jié)合，有效解決了脫硫塔堵塞、廢液外排等難題。裝置投產(chǎn)達(dá)標(biāo)后，焦?fàn)t煤氣中的硫化氫含量可降至5mg/Nm?以下，有機(jī)硫脫除率超50%。每年可減少二氧化硫排放約1950噸。

The DDS gas desulfurization project of New Steel Group is another proof of the industrial domestication of biological desulfurization technology. This project inherits the technological advantages of China's first coking DDS biological desulfurization device and integrates multiple patented technologies such as the "jet air flotation" regeneration reactor. Compared with traditional desulfurization technology, DDS biological desulfurization technology effectively solves the problems of desulfurization tower blockage and waste liquid discharge through the perfect integration of chemistry and biotechnology. After the device is put into operation and meets the standards, the hydrogen sulfide content in coke oven gas can be reduced to 5mg/Nm? Below, the organic sulfur removal rate exceeds 50%. Approximately 1950 tons of sulfur dioxide emissions can be reduced annually.

生物脫硫的“馴化”邏輯：從實(shí)驗室到車間的三重跨越。

The domestication logic of biological desulfurization: a triple leap from laboratory to workshop.

生物脫硫的產(chǎn)業(yè)化之路，完成了三重跨越。第一重：菌株馴化——從自然界篩選出具有脫硫能力的微生物，通過實(shí)驗室培養(yǎng)和誘變育種，提升其脫硫效率和環(huán)境耐受性。第二重：工藝馴化——將微生物的代謝活動“裝進(jìn)”工業(yè)設(shè)備中，開發(fā)出生物滴濾塔、生物洗滌塔等成套裝備，實(shí)現(xiàn)氣液固三相的準(zhǔn)確控制。第三重：系統(tǒng)馴化——將生物脫硫嵌入完整的工業(yè)氣體凈化鏈條中，與變壓吸附、膜分離等提純技術(shù)協(xié)同運(yùn)作。

The industrialization path of biological desulfurization has completed three leaps. First priority: strain domestication - selecting microorganisms with desulfurization ability from nature, and improving their desulfurization efficiency and environmental tolerance through laboratory cultivation and mutagenesis breeding. Secondly, domestication of technology - incorporating the metabolic activities of microorganisms into industrial equipment, developing complete sets of equipment such as biological drip filtration towers and biological washing towers, and achieving precise control of gas, liquid, and solid phases. Third level: System domestication - embedding biological desulfurization into a complete industrial gas purification chain, and operating in conjunction with purification technologies such as pressure swing adsorption and membrane separation.

從實(shí)驗室的試管到鋼鐵廠的脫硫塔，生物脫硫技術(shù)正在完成一場靜默而深刻的“工業(yè)馴化”。當(dāng)微生物在17萬Nm?/h的焦?fàn)t煤氣中“大快朵頤”地將硫化物轉(zhuǎn)化為單質(zhì)硫時，我們看到的不僅是一項技術(shù)的成熟，更是“向微生物要生產(chǎn)力”的工業(yè)化想象正在變成現(xiàn)實(shí)。正如胡永紅所說：“這好比魚缸里的水變臟后，我們不是直接倒掉臟水，而是放入一些能夠分解雜質(zhì)的魚兒或水草?！痹谶@場由微生物主要的凈化革命中，生物脫硫正在用非常低的能耗、非常小的環(huán)境代價，完成工業(yè)氣體凈化中非常艱巨的任務(wù)。

From laboratory test tubes to steel plant desulfurization towers, biological desulfurization technology is completing a silent and profound 'industrial domestication'. When microorganisms "feast" on converting sulfides into elemental sulfur in 170000 Nm?/h coke oven gas, what we see is not only the maturity of a technology, but also the industrial imagination of "demanding productivity from microorganisms" is becoming a reality. As Hu Yonghong said, "It's like when the water in a fish tank gets dirty, we don't just pour out the dirty water, but put in some fish or aquatic plants that can decompose impurities." In this purification revolution led by microorganisms, biological desulfurization is completing the most difficult task in industrial gas purification with the lowest energy consumption and environmental cost.

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